Policy-oriented analysis of the 2023/2024 Annual School Census. This report provides the baseline for year-on-year comparison with the 2024/2025 census.
Year-on-year comparison: Use this page alongside the 2024/2025 analysis to track change over time. Key trends: PTR worsened from 88:1 to 95:1 · PCR from 112:1 to 122:1 · Enrolment grew ~6.5%.
Headline Indicators — 2023/2024
~1.85M
Total Learners
all provision types
6,201
Total Schools & Centres
all provision types
1.07M+
Public Primary Enrolment
public primary schools
88:1
Pupil-Teacher Ratio
public primary
Target: 35:1
112:1
Pupil-Classroom Ratio
public primary
Target: 40:1
34%
Female Teachers
primary level
What the data shows
Bauchi State recorded approximately 1.85 million learners across all provision types in 2023/24 — a 6.5% increase from prior years. Public primary enrolment stood at approximately 1.07 million across 3,350 reporting schools. Private school enrolment comprised 21% of total learners.
Key findings
What this means for budgeting
The 2023/24 enrolment baseline reveals a system under pressure before the 2024/25 growth surge. Infrastructure and teacher gaps recorded in 2023/24 were already acute; the following year's growth made them significantly worse.
What the data shows
Female learners represented 49.5% of total public primary enrolment in 2023/24 — near parity. However, female participation declined to 47% at JSS and 39% at SSS, with the sharpest drop concentrated in rural northern LGAs.
Key findings
What this means for budgeting
The 2023/24 gender data provides the baseline against which the 2026–2030 Gender in Education Policy targets should be measured. Without this baseline, progress cannot be accurately tracked.
What the data shows
The 2023/24 PTR of 88:1 represents the baseline from which the 2024/25 deterioration to 95:1 occurred. Enrolment grew faster than teacher recruitment in every LGA. The five highest-pressure LGAs recorded PTRs above 130:1 even in 2023/24.
Key findings
What this means for budgeting
The year-on-year PTR deterioration from 88:1 to 95:1 shows that teacher recruitment has not kept pace with enrolment growth. Without a multi-year Teacher Deployment Plan, the 2025/26 census will likely show further deterioration.
What the data shows
The 2023/24 PCR of 112:1 provides the baseline for comparison with 2024/25 (122:1). Infrastructure investment between the two census years was insufficient to absorb enrolment growth. WASH conditions in 2023/24 were already critical across northern LGAs.
Key findings
What this means for budgeting
The consistent worsening of infrastructure ratios across census years confirms that capital investment is not keeping pace with system growth. Without a dedicated Infrastructure Decongestion Plan with multi-year funding, conditions will continue to deteriorate.
The 2023/2024 ASC policy analysis is available as part of the EduSpendNG evidence archive. The full analysis report will be published when authorised for release.
Suggested Citation
EduSpendNG / Young Leaders Network. (2024). Bauchi Annual School Census 2023/2024: Policy-Oriented Analysis. Bauchi, Nigeria: EduSpendNG.